综合写作，包括阅读、听力、写作这三个部分。该部分模拟了课前阅读材料（对应综合阅读）、课上教授讲解（对应综合听力）、课后完成paper(对应综合写作)的实际学习场景。
一、考试流程
第一步：学生在3分钟内读完一篇学术类文章，大概300字。第二步：文章暂时消失，学生会听到一篇跟阅读文章相关的讲座音频，音频也大概为3分钟。第三步：学生需要在20分钟内，总结阅读和听力部分信息。完成该部分时，阅读文章将会重现。综合写作字数要求：官方建议综合写作部分字数在150-225。字数较少，意味着很多细节没有讲清楚，会扣分。字数太多，不扣分，但语言啰嗦，语法错误数也会增多。语言尽量做到言简意赅。建议字数在200-250之间。
二、评分标准
5分：阅读部分准确把握要点，听力的3个观点和例子全写清楚，阅读和听力关系阐述清楚。只要不影响理解，可以容忍一些语言上的小错误。4分：阅读部分准确表达要点，若大段抄写原文会扣分。听力写出3个观点，但一个观点里的细节写错、漏掉或表达含糊。阅读和听力之间关系有阐述不明之处。3分：阅读部分准确表达要点，若大段抄写原文会扣分。听力只说出了2个观点，缺失一个观点中的核心内容，或有一个观点含糊其辞。阅读和听力间关系有阐述不清或有错。2分：大段抄写阅读内容。听力遗漏或写错2个重要要点。阅读和听力之间的关系没有阐述清楚，或只阐述自己观点。出现较多语法错误。1分：写出阅读和听力中的只言片语。相对来说，综合写作对语法的容忍性较高，其更看重的是内容的完整性和准确性。也就是说，偶尔的语法错误并不影响得分，用词和复杂句式无需过高要求，学生应该把精力放在阅读和听力材料的信息提取、话题整合上。
写作评分中Good对应4.0-5.0分；Fair对应 2.5-3.5分。如果写作想要到24+，综合写作必须是good。
三、题材分类：
综合写作文章通常包括社会科学类、自然科学类、生命科学类。
社会科学类文章常讨论的话题是：能源使用、文化艺术、商业决策等；
自然科学类往往关注天文化、考古发现等；
生命科学类关注动植物的生长特征、行为方式等。
四、答题方法01 阅读
阅读：带着目标阅读文章，提取主观点和三个分观点（1+3原则）阅读文章通常为四段式的总分结构。第一段结尾出现观点句, 而在二、三、四主体段首句出现分论点。
读得慢的同学，先重点留意特殊位置中的总结句和观点句，简要把关键词写在纸上。余下的时间，去补充每个主体段的细节。阅读部分不需要记太多笔记，读懂更重要。你可以基于读到的内容预测听力话题。
阅读TIPS:
如果阅读中有术语或专有名词，自己先尝试发音。这样后面听听力时，不至于愣神反应不过来这个单词说什么。
02 听力
听力：先确定听力观点是支持还是反对阅读观点，再一一听具体理由。
要注意，官方指南明确指出听力观点可支持或反对阅读内容。但所有的TPO题目中，无一例外，听力部分总是反驳阅读观点。所以，听力部分的重点就放在细节上。
而听力部分对阅读反驳顺序，与阅读观点一一对应。那，你在听的时候，就可以和阅读每段对应，一一去听反驳阅读的细节，并建议做笔记。
听力笔记TIPS：
简洁+清晰+结构每一个观点中，一般会有5-10个关键词。如果记太多，会影响听力。笔记尽量竖排，而不是横排。横排笔记会显得杂乱无章。听力部分以听懂为主，再尽可能地把所有细节记全、记清楚。听力力争还原，优先记名词，动词用符号表示。03 写作
写作部分共分为三个要点：
1.阅读信息2.听力信息3.阅读和听力之间的关系作文中不可照抄阅读原句，但可写出听力文稿。综合写作可依据模板来规划阅读和听力的关系。参考模板示范：
The reading and the listening have contradictory opinions about….According to the reading, …..yet the listening holds the opposite opinions.First，the reading passage states that… In contrast, the lecture states that….Because he believes that…Second, the lecture argues that… The reading, however, mentions …. It points out that…Finally, with regard to…., the lecture argue against …. because… However, the reading support its statement by....写作文章是传统的总分结构。第一段话introduction，表达出阅读和听力间关系，一两句话搞定即可。后三个主体段，写分论点，最后，不用写结尾，也无需发表任何个人观点。
总体来说，把听力部分写得越清楚的同学，越有可能得高分。实际写作中，若模板句式不可取，就不要生搬硬套。注意，模版在写作练习中的灵活变通。
建议每个同学根据个人写作习惯，整理出专属模版。常见的同意改写词组：
阅读称呼：the reading, the passage, the author, the writer听力称呼：the listening, the lecture, the speaker, the professor, the instructor, the teacher话题/问题：issue, matter, topic, problem, subject提出观点：argue, contend, suggest, indicate, propose, assert, discuss, introduce, claim, maintain, state, present, point out,反驳观点：disagree, disapprove, doubt, deny, refute, contradict, reject, oppose, object to, case doubt on…,转折：but, yet, however, nevertheless, while对比比较：while, whereas, by contrast, contrary to…, rather than, instead of…, unlike并列观点：moreover，in addition, furthermore, besides, also…因果内容：because, this is because, since, therefore, so, as a result五、写作范文示范：✏️ TPO50综合写作：
The reading portion of the material tells us the problems that are associated with the two yearlong travel that would happen if mankind were to visit Mars. Conversely the listening piece offers solutions to the problems presented by the long travel time. All of the solutions presented are reasonable and well-practiced already. （指出阅读和听力的关系）
The first problem presented is that the amount of food, water, and oxygen, needed for a trip of that duration would not fit on the limited size of the spacecraft traveled on. The solution provided by the professor from the listening is a food storage technique called Hydroponics. Using hydroponics can use water instead of soil to grow and harvest crop which saves a lot of space. Another added benefit of this technique is that plants can recycle wastewater and absorb carbon dioxide allowing for more clean water and breathable air. Both are necessary for the two-year long trip. （阅读观点1+听力反对理由1）
The long duration of time in a zero-gravity environment presented by the reading portion is another hurdle that needs to be cleared on the trip to Mars. That much time spent in zero gravity leads to lost muscle mass and reduced bone density. The solution to this problem is quite simple according to the professor from the listening potion. She states that astronauts already spend months in zero gravity on the space shuttle. To combat muscle loss, they perform daily exercises and take vitamins and minerals such as calcium to slow the bone density loss. （阅读观点2+听力反对理由2）
The final hurdle that needs to be cleared according to the reading is the dangerous levels of space radiation the astronauts on the Mars mission would be exposed to. The professor giving the lecture states this issue would be easily solved. Space radiation is mostly released by the sun and is only released in dangerous amounts intermittently. The craft could contain a small shelter that the crew could hide in when radiation levels reach a dangerous level. When the radiation levels are safe, they could about their business as normal. This shelter would not take up much room or add much weight to space craft. （阅读观点3+听力反对理由3）
六、写作建议实战是锻炼能力的最好方法。建议写5-10篇综合写作，熟悉写作套路。
写作是托福四个单科中套路最深的一个，完全可以通过短时间内突破，千万别让写作变成你的拖分项。
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